Indium is a kind of silver luster and relatively soft heavy metal with melting point as low as 156, 60. C. It's softer than lead and can be easily cut with a knife and deformed by hand. Similar to tin, an Indian bar will crack when it is bent. At the transition temperature of 3.41 Kelvin, India is superconducting. Liquid India will permanently wet the glass, and solid India will leave gray marks on the paper.
Chemically, India has some similarities with its neighbors gallium and t. Like the other two elements, India is a base metal that can react with many nonmetals at high temperatures. Stable in air at room temperature. India, like aluminum, is resistant to water, forming a dense oxide layer that wraps the material and prevents further oxidation. The reaction with indium oxide (III) occurs only at high temperature.

Inorganic acids such as nitric acid or sulfuric acid attack India. Indium is the most soluble metal in mercury at room temperature.
At very high temperatures, India even reacts with phosphorus, selenium, sulfur, nitrogen and hydrogen. Most of the Indian compounds are trivalent compounds, similar to the corresponding aluminum compounds.

India is a multi-purpose metal. However, its use is limited by rarity and related high price. Most of the subsidized India is not used as a pure metal, but further processed into many compounds. In 2001, only India's zinc oxide production was used, accounting for 65% of India's total production. Other compounds, such as phosphorus phosphide and arsenic selenide, are also extracted from the produced India.
As an alloy component, it can improve the hardness and corrosion resistance of other metals. Because of its softness and low melting point, it can be used in dental alloys and welding. GA in alloy is suitable for temperature control in high temperature thermometer or fire protection system. Indium copper manganese alloy is used to make coils and transformers. Other applications can be found in the jewelry industry, such as metal adhesives, glass colors, and mirrors for immersing glass in metal layers. Indium antimonate, indium selenide or indium selenide are important intermetallic compounds of semiconductor materials in phototransistors, solar cells or lasers.

Due to the high cross section of slow and fast neutrons, this metal is a suitable material for nuclear reactor control rods. Indium can also be used as a neutron detector in the form of thin films. Indium is gas dense and easy to deform even at low temperature, so it can be used in the sealing of cryostat.

Toxicology and hazards
However, indium has been shown to have embryotoxic and teratogenic effects in Indian compounds for animal studies in rats and rabbits, although indium has no toxic effects. Toxicity to aquatic organisms (aquatic toxicity) has been determined with indium nitrate.
Compact Indian metal is nonflammable. However, in the fine state of powder or dust, it is as much as flammable metal. Also avoid breathing dust. Considering the risk of hydrogen explosion, burning India cannot be treated with water, but must be treated with metal fire extinguisher (Class D).


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